Data sgp is a collection of student achievement data that allows districts to track student growth over time. This information can help educators identify students who are struggling academically, and also provides insight into the success of individual programs. The data sgp database can be used to calculate student growth percentiles and projections/trajectories. The data sgp database can also be used to support research in various education fields such as teacher and leader effectiveness, and accountability.
We investigate distributional properties of true student growth percentageiles (SGPs) estimated from standardized test scores. SGPs are meant to level the playing field by comparing a student’s current achievement status relative to students with similar prior achievement. However, it has been shown that SGPs estimated from standardized tests are error-prone measures of their underlying latent achievement traits and, consequently, have large estimation errors. This makes SGPs a noisy measure of student performance that may not accurately represent actual achievement progress.
In addition, it is well-known that student background characteristics influence the estimates of SGPs. These relationships create a source of bias when interpreting SGPs aggregated at the teacher or school levels. This bias is easy to avoid using a value-added model that regresses students’ test scores on their teachers’ fixed effects and student background variables, and the results of this approach are more accurate than those obtained from SGPs estimated directly from standardized tests.
SGPs have been implemented in a variety of ways, and their use is increasing in the United States and around the world. This increase is driven by several factors, including increased scrutiny of educator accountability and evaluation systems, increased emphasis on student learning, and a growing desire for transparency in education. In the context of accountability, SGPs are one of multiple measures that contribute to the College and Career Ready Performance Index and the Teacher and Leader Keys Effectiveness System.
As a result, more and more districts are relying on SGPs to evaluate teachers and principals. While SGPs are a promising measure of educational quality, the use of the measure comes with the risk of overstating or misinterpreting a teacher’s performance. It is important for policymakers to understand the limitations of this measure in order to make informed decisions about how SGPs should be used. Moreover, understanding the relationship between true SGPs and student background characteristics can help guide future research and improve the accuracy of SGP measurements. In this article, we use a new methodology to estimate and evaluate the properties of true SGP functions. The methodology is based on longitudinal item-level data and is a straightforward application of latent regression modeling in the MIRT framework. Our analysis provides an important step toward a more complete and transparent view of teacher effectiveness.